Grinding disk



June 17,` 1941'. R, SHUE 2,246,223 GRINDING DISK Filed Jan. v, 1939 4 sheetsheet 1 "M @/MFM@ i jlorvzys.

June 17, 1941. k |l R- SHUE 2,246,223

GRINDING DISK Filed Jan. v', 1939 4 sheets-sheet 2 .June 17, 194]n l, R SHUE 2,246,223

GRINDING DISK Filed Jan. 7, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 17, 1941.

l. R. sHUE '2,246,223

GRINDING DISK 4 Sheets-Shea?l 4 Filed Jan. '7, 1939 Patented .lune i7, 1941 GRINDING DISK ingle R. Shue, Beloit, Wis., assigner to Gardner Machine Company, South Beloit, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application January 7, 1939, Serial No. 249,716

15 Claims.

The invention relates generally to grinding means `and more particularly to a grin-ding disk adapted to be secured to the face of a supporting wheel and vutilizing the face .of the disk for grinding purposes.

The general object of the invention is to provide a grinding disk, made either as a umtary structure or comprising a plurality of sections, which is s-o constructed as to provide a maximum Iresistance to radial stress.

Morespecioally, it is Ian object to provide -a grinding disk of uni-tary or segmental construction adapted to be secured tothe face of a supporting wheel, with the grinding disk and supporting wheel so constructed as to provide an interlock resisting radial stress independently of the means for securing the disk and wheel together.

It is also an object to provide a grinding disk yof unitary or segmental construction shaped to cooperate with its supporting wheel in such a manner `as to resist radial stress and to be secured to said wheel by readily insertable means such las bolts, screws or the like, thus avoiding dependence solely upon such bolts or screws to support the radial stress and permitting use of ydisks of large diameter rotating at high speeds.

Another object is to provide a grinding disk shaped to provide a maximum resistance, in cooperation with the supporting wheel, to radial stress and providing a maximum depth for the usable portion of the disk.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view, partially broken away, of la grinding :disk embodying the features of the invention.

Fig. 2 is ya l:fragmentary enlarged sectional view showing the means for securing the disk proper to its supporting wheel.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 2 but showing `an alternate form of securing means.

Fig. 4 is a perspective View of a segment utilized in making up large disks and constructed similarly to the disks shown in Fig. l.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view looking upwardly. with parts partially broken away, of a modified form of disk.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view showing the securing means utilized in the disk illustrated in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 but showing an alternate form of securing means.

Fig. 8 is a segment utilized in making up large disks and having a construction similar to that shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. -9 is aview similar to Fig, 5 but showing another modied form of construction.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged vfragment-ary sectional view sli-owing the securing means utilized in the construction illustrated in Fig. 9.

Fig. 111 is a. view similar to Fig. 10 showing an alternate form of securing means.

Fig. 112 is a segment utilized in making up large disks Iand having a. construction similar .to that shown inFig. 9.

Fig. `13 is |a perspective View showing another modified form of invention in which isolated raised areas are molded as part of the disk.

Fig. 14 is a perspective View illustrating a disk made up of segments such as are shown in Figs. 4, 8 and 12.

As mentioned above, the invention herein disclosed relates to grinding wheels utilizingL one face for grinding purposes Iand having its opposite face secured against a supporting Wheel, the latter being Iattached to :a drive shaft. The disks herein referred to are such as provide a large facial area across which the work pieces are moved in the grinding opera-tion.

The trend of development in the use of wheels of this character has been .towards higher speeds and larger disks. Both of these factors contribyute to a necessity for rigidly supporting the disk iagainst radial or centrifugal stress.

The trend has also been toward thicker disks so that more wear can be obtained from `any given disk be- `fore removing it from the mach-ine and replacing it lby a new disk. `Such increase i-n thickness `necessarily increases weight and consequently results in greater stresses, for which provision must be made.

I-Ieretofore disks of this character have been supported against radial stressrsolely by the means by which the disk properis secured to its supporting wheel. Usually such means comprises bolts or screws which in the case of high speeds and thick, large diameter disks provide van insufficient -factor of safety since the total radial stress exerts a shear on suchbolts or screws. Other constructions have been provided to assist in resisting such stress, such constructions utilizing a rim orV its equivalent extending from the supporting plate around the periphery of the grinding disk. However, obviously such rims, if they are to extend to suicient height to be of any great advantage, necessarily limit the depth of the usable portion of the disk.

a maximum usable depth of the disk is attained.- j

Broadly speaking, the disks disclosedherein Cil attain such result by being so constructed on their rear face and the supporting Wheelbeing so constructed on its front face:as to provide an interlock therebetween adequately supporting the Wheel against radial stress. 'I'hus whilethe securing bolts or screws may contribute to 'such support, the major portion of stress is fcarriedby such interlock. In the case Avvherethe disk is if 'made up'of apluralitybf 'segmentsiindependently secured "to" the supporting wheeL'the" advantages of such interlock are greatest. In'thecase of a complete integrafdis'k the 'interlock' between' the grinding disk'proper' andmits supporting Wheel Aresists radial YAstress fwhich would 'tend' to' break the wheel. However, in theV caseiofadisk made up of separate segments, ithera-dial stress upon 'each segment is not'supported -`by an integral connectionwith segmentshaving Aan y opposite radial stress. Hencethe' stress 'on the screws or bolts, if no 'interlock'were provided-"Would be excessive, and particularly so because the segmental construction isutilized inthe larger Vsize disks. Thus the interlockbetween the segments and their supporting Wheelis particularly advantageous.

'Froma general aspect,-the interlock is provided by providing raised portions on the rear face of the grinding disk, which are adapted to t into ycorrespondingly shapedy depressions 4in the front face of the-supporting Wheel, orby'the reverse arrangement of providing depressions V-in the rear face of lthe grinding disk Aand correl spondingly'4 shaped raised portions on the -face of l,

the supporting Wheel. lAnother'manner of stating the foregoing is that the: grinding diskis provided on its rearfacef'vvith #alternate-raised land depressed portions adapted to t corresponding "depressed 'andraised portions onvthefront'face of the supporting IWheel. Either o'fV these general forms support,-ther'disk to-resist radial stress,

`vthereby partially? or Wholly relieving the means 'by which the disk is Ysecured tojthe supporting Wheelof such stress'. 4sufficient area to provide'a-strength against shear `vmuch larger than/that of the vsecuring lmeans. yPreferably the raised 'portions may lbefin `the Such raised portions v are 'of form of one or more annular ribsl concentric with the disk, the*4 number of ribs being `determined by the 'size of 'fthe-'"dsk. Instead of raised portions `in"the 'form Iof annular 'ribs, such vraised 'portionsfmay" bein the form of isolated areas such as round bosses. The ribs 'of course need Vnot necessarily/be annular'but ymay be broadly defin'edfas extending'` transverse to theradius of thediskj thus resisting radial'st'ress'.

The ribs or bosses may be moldd'as 'part of the 'abrasive disk, or--theymay compriserprojecting -portions of metal -rings or parts 'partiallyY embeddedinthedisk. `-In the "case o'f'` molded raised portionsfthe-'partof the se'curingmeans which is -embeddeufin thegrinding diskrmay'bioeated in suchraisedfprtions. fsuri paas-1min the depth'lto which the# aiskf-mayfbe-sd; agreater" usable depth for a given thickness of disk is attained by locating such part of the securing means in the raised portion.

The preferred embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a grinding disk, indicated generally at 20, having raised portions on its rear face in the form of one or more annular-'ribs-.Zl arranged totrinto annular grooves l22 formed in the front face of the supporting Wheel 23. The grinding disk 20 in this instance is shown as comprising a front layer 24 of mold-v ed abrasive material constituting the usable por- A'tion of the disk, and a rear layer 25 of molded -material-in which aY Wire mesh 26 may beinserted for reenforcingthe disk. Preferably the mesh .islbent out of its plane, as indicated at 2l,

to follow the contour of the annular ribs 2|.

-rotates Within 'abowl "shaped base. 'stance 'the securing' meansr compriseswashers 30 lembedded inthe grinding wheel over the inner The'rneans for-securing the grinding disk to its jsupporting Wheel 23, in this instance, comprises a plurality of nuts 28 adapted to receive screws f2 9 P inserted through the" supporting Wheel '23 l'andthreaded -into thelnuts. In the preferred construction the En'uts 28 4overlie the Wire mesh 2v-, and by locating such 4'nuts'inl the `annular ribs 2l, a minimum amount of thickness of the disk kisoccupied by the nuts-and wire Ymeshy so that the usable portion 254 1has= a 'maximum depth.

The Lalternate' for-mfof -seecuring means shown in :Fig.3 isutilized'-inithecase Wherethe rear face of the supportingvwhel'is'not readily accessible such -forinstance as in the case of a vertical spindle grinding machine Where the disk In this infa'ce ofthe Wire mesh With=apertures`3l extend- `ing-through from the Y-front face ofthe grinding disk so that a screw 32 may be inserted-therein i and lthreadediiito the supporting wheel l23. .0

The securingfxnean's may-falso comprise studs (not shown) havingtheirhea'ds embedded in the disk -inLa positionis'im'ilar tothe nuts 28 or Washers-3G 'and heldag'ainst-'Iturning -'Ihe'fstuds project 'from the Ire'ar f'facevof "thedisk through the supporting Wheel to.' receive fnuts "at l"the `back of :the supporting '-Wheel.

`In thecase ofvlargedisksitis more desirable "tolprovidea disk-made up of a'V plurality of segments 'such las fis/shown at 1'33'in"l"ig. V4. Each such segment inlay be constructed in -a manner similar ffto vthe -fdisk 120, 4shovv'n inlFig. `l, andY be provided with segmental-ifibs34 on its-rear face -vvhichrr areA`v adapted ltolltlinto -annular grooves in the supporting wheel "to Vprovide the interlock.

may beutilized with such segmental construc- .1 In the mo'died form 'of lthe-- invention illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, one or moreiannular ribs are' formed Jonftherearace. of thee-grinding fdisk, findicated at 539,'by lprovi'ding"metal4 rings, indicated generally at 40, partially'embedded in the 'rear fpo'rtion fofz'the id i'sk. Each` such ring-.pref- Werably cemprises fa straight sided 'portion llll "which constitutes the' projecting `'r'ib'adapted to t in an annular l"groove 42 the supporting Wheel, and a tapered-portionfl:adaptedf'tofbe embedded in thegrinding-'diisk The-embedded portion 43 'has `its sides -ta'peredtowar'd the straight sided portion 4l so as to firmly hold the disk in place.

apertures M'lto' "i'ace'ive screws 345 VVVinserted through the supporting wheel. In Fig. '7 the ring 40 is shown as provided with countersunk holes to receive screws 4E inserted through the front of the disk and threadedintovtheV supporting wheel. A disk of this construction.` may be made in the form of a plurality of segments 41 one of which is illustrated in Fig. 8. In the case of such segments, the raised or interlocking rib of the segment is in the form ofsegmental parts 48 partially embedded in the molded grinding material.

In the form' of the inventiony disclosed in Fig. 9 the disk, indicated at SEL-is provided with a plurality of separate partially embedded metal parts I. Each part 5! has va straight sided yportion 52 projecting beyond the plane of the rear face of the grinding disk and into correspondingly shaped recesses in the face of the supporting wheel. The portion of each part 5I which is embedded in the grinding disk is preferably tapered to securely ho-ld the disk in place. -Such parts 5I are of sunicient dimension to provide adequate strength capable of resisting the'tendency to shear produced by the radial stress of the disk. The parts 5l also serve as the embedded portion of the securing means similarly to the rings 4l shown in the previous form. Such parts 5! may be constructed for either of the previously describedform's of securing means, as illustrated in Figs. 10 and 1l. T'his form of disk may also be made in segmental construction, as illustrated in Fig. l2. The parts 5l may be arranged in a single row, as shown in Fig. 9, or in a plurality of rows, as illustrated in Fig. l2. The projecting portions of the parts 5I may be round, as indicated at 52 in Fig. 9, or they may be square, as indicated at 53 in Fig. l2.

Fig; 13 shows a construction similar tothat shown in Fig. l except that the raised portions on the rear face of the grindng diskare isolated and are in the form of bosses B instead of the annular ribs 2i of the iirst form. In this view the disk proper alone is shown. Inthis'case the wire reenforcing mesh, if used, is preferably bent into the bosses 60 and the embedded portions of the securing means are located in the bosses.

Fig. 14 illustrates a complete disk in which the grinding member constitutes a plurality of segments such as are shown in Figs. 4, 8 and 12. Such segments obviously lack the integral connection of the various parts of a unitary grinding disk so that the radial stress on each segment is supported solely by its connection with the supporting wheel. Thus the interlock provided by the present invention is of particular importance in the case of the segmental construction and adequately supports the segments against the radial stress Without depending solely upon the securing means for such support.

As a matter of fact, the interlock between the grinding disk and the supporting wheel, in all forms, may be considered as the primary locating means for the disk, and the securing means serves chiefly merely to clamp the disk and wheel together. In practice, there is a small amount of clearance between each bolt and the part through which it passes to facilitate insertion of the bolt after the disk is located by the interlock.

From the foregoing description, it is app-arent that I have provided a grinding disk capable of resisting a large radial stress whereby disks of large diameter and thickness may safely be run at high speeds. The interlock provided between the grinding disk Iand the supporting wheel, in the various forms shown herein, is capable of supporting such radial stress and relieves the securing means partially or wholly of such stress. The raised portions on the rear face of the grinding disk, particularly in the case of constructions utilizing a reenforcing wire mesh, further provide la greater usable depth for disks of predetermined thickness. The greatest advantage occurs in the segmental constructions where the'various segments are supported against radial stress solely through their connection with the supporting wheel.

I claim as my invention.: `1. A grinding wheel comprising, in combination, a supporting member and Ia grinding memberrin face to face relation and readily separable from each other, said members being provided with interlocking means to resist radial stress located intermediate the center land periphery of the members, and detachable means extending into the grinding member to secure said members together. j

2..A grinding wheel comprising, in combination, a supporting member and a grinding member in face to face relation, one of said members being provided with areas projecting beyond the plane of the abutting face of the member and the other member being provided with correspondingly shaped depressed areas in its abutting face to provide an interlock therebetween resistingV radial stress, and readily detachable means extending into the grinding member to secure said members together.

3. A grinding Wheel comprising, in combination, a supporting member and a grinding member in face to face relation and readily separable from each other, one of said members being provided with one or more annular ribs and the other member with one or more correspondingly shaped Vannular grooves onv their abutting faces, the ribs and'grooves intertting to resist radial stress, and readily detachable means to secure said members together.

lei. A grinding wheel comprising, in combination, a supporting member and a molded grinding member in face to face relation, the grinding member being provided with molded areas projecting beyond the plane of the abutting face thereof, and the supporting member being provided with intertting depressed areas to provide an interlock resisting relative radial stress, and detachable means for securing said members together having a part embedded in the grinding member and located in said projecting areas whereby a maximum depth for the usable portion of the grinding member is attained.

5. A grinding wheel comprising, in combination, a supporting member and a grinding member in face to face relation, the grinding member having a reenforcing Wire mesh embedded therein adjacent its rear face, said grinding member being provided with areas projecting beyond the plane of the abutting face intermediate the center and periphery with the wire mesh bent to follow the contour of said areas, the supporting member being provided with depressed areas to receive the projecting areas of the grinding member to provide an interlock resisting radial stress, and detachable means for securing said members together, said means having a part embedded in the projecting areas of the grinding member.

6. A grinding wheel comprising, in combination, a supporting member and a grinding member in face to face relation, the grinding member` having `a plurality of metal parts `partially embedded therein and partially projecting beyond the rear face thereof, the supportingY meinber having a plurality of depressed areas in' which the projecting'portions of said parts'iit to resist radial stress, and means extendingiinto the grinding member for securing said partsto the supporting member whereby the grinding member is held in place.

7. A grinding Wheel comprising, inv combina'- tion, a supporting member and a grindingmember in face to face relation, the grinding member having one or more rings partially embedded in the rear portion thereof and partially projecting beyond the rear face thereof, the supportirig member having one or more groovesvvin which the projecting portions-ofV said rings' fit to resist radial stress, said rings being provided With apertures to receive securing devices extending through the supporting-memberL 8. A grindingwheel` comprising, in combina-- tion, a supporting member and a grinding member in face to face relation, the grinding member having a plurality of metal parts each having aV portion embedded in the rearpart of the grinding member and a portion projecting beyond the rear face thereof, the-embedded portion having sides tapered toward the projecting portion to hold the part rrnly embedded in the grinding member, the supporting member having a plurality of depressions shaped to receive the projecting portions of said parts', and means for securing said parts to the supporting member to hold the grinding member in place.

9. A grinding Wheel comprising, in combination, a supporting Wheel and a grinding disk comprising a plurality of segments secured-to the face of the supporting Wheel and readily separable therefrom, each segment having a 'plurality of areas projecting beyond the abutting face thereof, the supporting Wheel having correspondingly shaped and located depressed areas to Vreceive said projecting areas to provide an interlock resisting radial stress, and detachable means for securing said segments to said supporting Wheel at said areas.

10.r A grinding Wheel comprising, in combination, a supporting Wheel and a grinding disk comprising a plurality of segments secured to the supporting Wheel in face to face relation, each segment having one or more segmental ribs on its abutting face, the supporting Wheel having one or more annular grooves shaped to` receive var said ribs'- to resist radial stress, and detachable means located-'at said ribs for securing said segments -Stothe vsupporting wheel.

1.1. A grinding disk having one or more raised areas projecting. beyond the plane of the rear facer offthefdisk and located intermediate the center andperipheryr of the disk, thev raised areas beingprovided with means extending into the disk` by which the disk may be detachably secured to the-face of a supporting wheel, the raised areas being adapted to interfit with depression'sin the face of the supporting Wheel.

12. A grinding disk made of molded abrasive material andy having one or more raised portions mol'ded on its rear face intermediate'the center and periphery of the disk, and means by which the' disk may be secured to the face of a supporting Wheel embedded in said molded raised portions, saidiportions being adapted to t into depressions in the face of the supporting Wheel to provide' an interlock resisting radial stress.

13; A grinding disk comprising a plurality of segments, each' segment having a plurality of segmental ribs concentrically arranged projectingibeyond the rear face of the segment in spaced relation to each other and to the center and peripheral edge of the segment, and detachable means located in said ribs for securing the segment to asupporting Wheel.

14. A grinding'disk adapted to be removably securedto. theV iaceof` a supporting Wheel and having'one or more portions on its rear face oifs'et'from the plane thereof and spaced from the center'and periphery of the disk for interlocking engagement with complementarily shaped areas on the front face of the supporting Wheel, and means embedded in said disk for detachableA engagement by securing means for-holding the diskin face to face engagement with the supporting wheel.

151 grinding Wheel comprising, in combination, a supporting member and a grinding member inface to face relation, and detachable means tol secure sa'id members together whereby said member may be readily separated from each other, one 'of saidmembers being provided With one or more ribs extending generally transverse to the radiusV ofthe member and the other member with one or more correspondingly shaped and correspondingly located grooves on their abutting faces; the ribsv and grooves intertting to resist radial stress.

INGLE R.. SI-lUE. 

